mother language: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low to Medium
UK/ˈmʌðə ˌlæŋɡwɪdʒ/US/ˈmʌðɚ ˌlæŋɡwɪdʒ/

Formal, sometimes academic; less common than "native language" or "first language" in general use.

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Quick answer

What does “mother language” mean?

The first language a person learns from infancy.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The first language a person learns from infancy; native language.

A language that is the linguistic ancestor of other languages within a language family; a source or origin language.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Usage is similar in both varieties. 'Mother tongue' is more common than 'mother language' in both.

Connotations

Slightly more formal, with a potential academic or sentimental nuance. Can evoke a sense of heritage, culture, and primary identity.

Frequency

"Mother tongue" is significantly more frequent than "mother language" in both corpora. "First language" (L1) is the most neutral and common term in modern linguistics and education.

Grammar

How to Use “mother language” in a Sentence

His mother language is Gujarati.They are working to document their mother language.English is considered the mother language of several global varieties.She learned it as her mother language.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
speaklearnpreserveloseforgetreviveone's
medium
primaryheritagesharedcommonofficialindigenous
weak
beautifulancientpowerfulcomplexglobal

Examples

Examples of “mother language” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The mother-language influence was evident in her accent.
  • They conducted a mother-language survey in the community.

American English

  • The mother-language survey revealed diverse linguistic backgrounds.
  • He studies mother-language acquisition in infants.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Might appear in diversity & inclusion policies regarding language support.

Academic

Common in linguistics, sociolinguistics, and language policy discussions, though 'first language' or 'L1' is more precise.

Everyday

Understood but less frequent. People are more likely to ask, 'What's your first language?'

Technical

Used in historical/comparative linguistics to mean 'proto-language' (e.g., Proto-Indo-European).

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “mother language”

Strong

mother tonguenative tongue

Weak

heritage languageprimary language

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “mother language”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “mother language”

  • Using 'mother language' when 'mother tongue' or 'first language' is more idiomatic (e.g., 'My mother language is Spanish' is correct but less natural).
  • Confusing 'mother language' (first language) with 'official language' or 'national language'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, they are synonyms. 'Mother tongue' is more common in everyday English, while 'mother language' can sound slightly more formal or academic.

They are often used interchangeably. However, 'first language' (L1) is a more neutral, technical term used in linguistics and education, whereas 'mother language' can carry more cultural or emotional weight.

Yes, if a child acquires two languages simultaneously from birth, they can be said to have two mother languages or native languages.

Yes, but it is less frequent than 'native language' or 'first language'. The usage patterns and connotations are very similar to British English.

The first language a person learns from infancy.

Mother language is usually formal, sometimes academic; less common than "native language" or "first language" in general use. in register.

Mother language: in British English it is pronounced /ˈmʌðə ˌlæŋɡwɪdʒ/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈmʌðɚ ˌlæŋɡwɪdʒ/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • The language of one's cradle
  • Speak the language of one's heart

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Just as a MOTHER is the source of a family, a MOTHER LANGUAGE is the source of your speech and the 'parent' of related languages.

Conceptual Metaphor

LANGUAGE IS A FAMILY (with mother, daughter, and sister languages); LANGUAGE IS HERITAGE (something passed down and owned).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Even though she was raised in London, her is Urdu, which she speaks with her family.
Multiple Choice

In which context is the term 'mother language' LEAST likely to be used?

Practise

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Five interactive tools to remember words, train your ear, and build vocabulary in real context — drawn from this dictionary.

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