physicalism: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low (Specialist/Academic)
UK/ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.ɪ.zəm/US/ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.ɪ.zəm/

Formal, Academic

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Quick answer

What does “physicalism” mean?

The philosophical doctrine that everything that exists is ultimately physical or supervenes upon the physical.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The philosophical doctrine that everything that exists is ultimately physical or supervenes upon the physical.

In philosophy of mind, the view that mental states are entirely physical in nature. In metaphysics, the belief that all facts, including those about consciousness and meaning, are determined by physical facts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. The term is standard in Anglophone academic philosophy globally.

Connotations

Neutral academic term. In public discourse, it may sometimes be mistakenly conflated with a focus on bodily fitness or a rejection of the spiritual, but within academia it is a precise technical term.

Frequency

Extremely rare outside of philosophical contexts in both regions.

Grammar

How to Use “physicalism” in a Sentence

[Subject] argues for/against physicalism.Physicalism holds/claims/entails that...The debate between physicalism and dualism.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
reductive physicalismnon-reductive physicalismdefend physicalismsubscribe to physicalismarguments for physicalism
medium
the doctrine of physicalismphysicalism about the mindchallenges to physicalismform of physicalism
weak
strict physicalismmodern physicalismscientific physicalism

Examples

Examples of “physicalism” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The philosopher sought to physicalise mental phenomena.
  • They argued that consciousness could be physicalised.

American English

  • The theory attempts to physicalize subjective experience.
  • He physicalized the concept of intention in his model.

adverb

British English

  • He argued physicalistically about the nature of pain.
  • The process was described in purely physicalist terms.

American English

  • She interprets the data physicalistically.
  • The system is conceived physicalistically.

adjective

British English

  • Her physicalist commitments were clear from the paper.
  • A physicalist ontology underpins the theory.

American English

  • The physicalist stance is dominant in contemporary analytic philosophy.
  • He offered a physicalist explanation for qualia.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Not used.

Academic

Core term in metaphysics and philosophy of mind. Used in journal articles, theses, and seminars.

Everyday

Virtually never used.

Technical

Specific to philosophical discourse. May appear in related fields like cognitive science.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “physicalism”

Weak

naturalism (in some contexts)mechanism (in historical contexts)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “physicalism”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “physicalism”

  • Using 'physicalism' to mean a focus on sports or the body (that's 'physicality').
  • Confusing it with 'physicism' (not a standard term).
  • Spelling: 'physicalis*m*' not 'physicalis*n*'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

They are very closely related and often used interchangeably in contemporary philosophy. However, 'physicalism' is often preferred as it is based on the modern concept of 'the physical' from physics, which is broader than classical 'matter'.

Yes. Physicalists argue that consciousness is a physical process, typically arising from the complex functioning of the brain. They deny that consciousness requires non-physical substance.

The most famous challenge is the 'knowledge argument' (e.g., Mary's room) and the 'hard problem of consciousness', which question how subjective, qualitative experience can arise from purely physical processes.

It is a core technical term in analytic philosophy, specifically in the sub-fields of metaphysics and philosophy of mind. It also appears in discussions in the foundations of cognitive science.

The philosophical doctrine that everything that exists is ultimately physical or supervenes upon the physical.

Physicalism is usually formal, academic in register.

Physicalism: in British English it is pronounced /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.ɪ.zəm/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.ɪ.zəm/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'PHYSICAL-ism' – it insists that the **physical** world is all there is.

Conceptual Metaphor

THE WORLD IS A MACHINE; THE MIND IS THE BRAIN.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The debate between and dualism concerns whether the mind is separate from the body.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a common synonym or closely related term to 'physicalism'?