sulfa drug: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low
UK/ˈsʌlfə drʌɡ/US/ˈsʌlfə drʌɡ/

Technical/Medical

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Quick answer

What does “sulfa drug” mean?

A synthetic antibacterial drug derived from sulfanilamide, used to treat bacterial infections.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A synthetic antibacterial drug derived from sulfanilamide, used to treat bacterial infections.

Any of a group of synthetic organic compounds that inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with folic acid synthesis; historically important antibiotics largely replaced by newer classes but still used in specific contexts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Spelling: 'sulpha drug' is the standard British spelling; 'sulfa drug' is standard American spelling.

Connotations

Identical technical/conceptual meaning; both refer to the same class of antimicrobials.

Frequency

Equally low frequency in both dialects, confined to medical/historical contexts.

Grammar

How to Use “sulfa drug” in a Sentence

Patient + be + treated with + sulfa drugDoctor + prescribe + sulfa drug + for + condition

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
prescribe a sulfa drugallergy to sulfa drugssulfa drug resistance
medium
treated with a sulfa drughistory of sulfa drug usesulfa drug therapy
weak
common sulfa drugpowerful sulfa drugeffective sulfa drug

Examples

Examples of “sulfa drug” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The infection was sulpha-drugged successfully.
  • They decided to sulpha-drug the patient.

American English

  • The infection was sulfa-drugged successfully.
  • They decided to sulfa-drug the patient.

adjective

British English

  • She has a sulpha-drug allergy.
  • This is a sulpha-drug medication.

American English

  • She has a sulfa-drug allergy.
  • This is a sulfa-drug medication.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare; might appear in pharmaceutical industry reports on antibiotic development history.

Academic

Used in medical history, pharmacology, and microbiology texts discussing the development of antibiotics.

Everyday

Very rare; most non-specialists would say 'antibiotic' or refer to a specific medication.

Technical

Standard term in medical charts, pharmacology, and historical clinical literature to denote this specific drug class.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “sulfa drug”

Strong

sulfanilamide derivative

Neutral

sulfonamidesulfa agent

Weak

antibacterial drugantimicrobial agent

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “sulfa drug”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “sulfa drug”

  • Using 'sulfa drug' to refer to any antibiotic (it's a specific class).
  • Confusing 'sulfa' with 'sulfur' topical treatments.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, but less commonly than in the mid-20th century. Specific sulfa drugs like sulfamethoxazole (often combined with trimethoprim) are still prescribed for certain infections like urinary tract infections and Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Sulfa drugs are synthetic chemicals, while penicillin is derived from a fungus. They also work through completely different biochemical mechanisms to stop bacterial growth.

Because it can cause serious allergic reactions, and it also means the patient should avoid a wide range of related drugs (sulfonamides), including some diuretics and diabetes medications, due to potential cross-reactivity.

It refers to the sulfonamide chemical group (containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen) that is the core structure of these drugs.

A synthetic antibacterial drug derived from sulfanilamide, used to treat bacterial infections.

Sulfa drug is usually technical/medical in register.

Sulfa drug: in British English it is pronounced /ˈsʌlfə drʌɡ/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈsʌlfə drʌɡ/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think 'SULfur' (the chemical element sulfur is part of its structure) + 'FA' (from 'folic acid' which it affects) = SULFA drug.

Conceptual Metaphor

A KEY that BLOCKS a bacterial factory (interferes with essential metabolic pathways).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Before the discovery of penicillin, were the first widely used synthetic antibacterial agents.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfa drugs?