sulfonamide: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/ˌsʌlˈfɒn.ə.maɪd/US/ˌsʌlˈfɑː.nə.maɪd/

Technical / Medical

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Quick answer

What does “sulfonamide” mean?

A class of synthetic drugs derived from sulfanilamide, used as antibacterial agents to treat infections.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A class of synthetic drugs derived from sulfanilamide, used as antibacterial agents to treat infections.

Any compound that contains the sulfonamide group (-SO₂NH₂) or its derivatives, found in various therapeutic drugs including antibiotics, diuretics, and anticonvulsants.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Spelling: British English uses 'sulphonamide', American English uses 'sulfonamide'.

Connotations

Identical in both varieties—purely technical/medical.

Frequency

Slightly more frequent in American medical literature due to spelling convention, but concept is equally common.

Grammar

How to Use “sulfonamide” in a Sentence

The patient was treated with a sulfonamide.Sulfonamides are effective against gram-positive bacteria.Resistance to sulfonamide has emerged.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
sulfonamide antibioticssulfonamide drugssulfonamide therapysulfonamide resistance
medium
sulfonamide groupsulfonamide derivativessulfonamide sensitivityprescribe a sulfonamide
weak
sulfonamide treatmentsulfonamide compoundsulfonamide class

Examples

Examples of “sulfonamide” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The sulphonamide treatment was discontinued due to an adverse reaction.

American English

  • The sulfonamide therapy proved effective against the infection.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used in pharmaceutical industry reports and drug development discussions.

Academic

Common in pharmacology, microbiology, and medical history texts.

Everyday

Virtually never used in casual conversation.

Technical

Standard term in medical diagnostics, prescription, and research literature.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “sulfonamide”

Strong

sulfanilamide derivative

Neutral

sulfa drugsulfonamide antibiotic

Weak

antibacterial agentantimicrobial drug

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “sulfonamide”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “sulfonamide”

  • Misspelling as 'sulphonamide' in American English contexts.
  • Using it as a countable noun incorrectly (e.g., 'a sulfonamide' is correct).
  • Confusing it with penicillin or other antibiotic classes.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, but less commonly as first-line antibiotics for systemic infections due to resistance and newer alternatives. They are still used for specific conditions like urinary tract infections, burn treatments (topically), and in combination therapies.

Allergic reactions, including skin rashes, are relatively common. More serious but rare side effects include Stevens-Johnson syndrome and blood disorders.

Sulfanilamide is the simplest, parent compound of the sulfonamide class. 'Sulfonamide' refers to the entire class of drugs derived from it.

In most medical contexts, yes. 'Sulfa drug' is a common informal synonym, though 'sulfonamide' is more precise in technical writing.

A class of synthetic drugs derived from sulfanilamide, used as antibacterial agents to treat infections.

Sulfonamide is usually technical / medical in register.

Sulfonamide: in British English it is pronounced /ˌsʌlˈfɒn.ə.maɪd/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌsʌlˈfɑː.nə.maɪd/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: SULFur-based ON AmIDE — a chemical group that fights germs.

Conceptual Metaphor

A KEY that blocks a bacterial lock (referring to competitive inhibition of folic acid synthesis).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Before penicillin became widely available, drugs were commonly used to treat pneumonia.
Multiple Choice

Sulfonamides work primarily by: